Western responses to the risk of terrorist attacks
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)
(Sorry if there are errors in the meaning, word or verb of the expressions).
Updatet: 04/12/2023
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BRI police officers in front of the Bataclan - 13/11/2015
Following the attacks of November 13, 2015 in Paris, European countries have become aware of the need for rapid intervention units.
Simulated attack in the airport of Chambéry in France on 18/01/2017
Indeed, a mass terrorist attack in a public place lasts between 30 and 80 minutes. The response to these types of attacks is to have special rapid response units.
British Police forces responding to Borough Market in London on 03/06/2017
As evidence, the attack in London on 03 June 2017, on the "London Bridge": between the call to the police of the beginning of the attack and the neutralization of the 3 terrorists,
8 minutes passed.
8 minutes passed.
Motorcycles of intervention of London units presented in August 2016.
The United Kingdom, and in particular in London, the police forces have formed fast teams as the ARV (Armed Response Vehicle) depending on the SCO 19, which criss-cross the various districts to intervene as quickly as possible and which have the order of SHOOT TO KILL in front of terrorists who are carrying out a carnage.
- FRENCH VERSION -
A police officer and a military man patrol outside Westminster and Big Ben in London on 05/24/2017.
In addition, the English authorities have also developed the operation "TEMPERER" since 2015, which they activate when its alert level reaches the 5th level which is the most serious: "Critical Level". They then deploy more than 3,500 military personnel throughout its territory, to counter the risk of multiple attacks on its soil. But this operation has a limited duration of a few days to analyze the situation...
- FRENCH VERSION -
Likewise, France during specific moments, as for example the EURO 2016 soccer tournament that had been organized in France, deploys mobile units on motorcycles, as part of the FIR (Force d'intervention Rapide) of the BRI.
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Anti-ramming vehicle barrier device in a Belgian city street
Truck that hit pedestrians in Stockholm in Sweden on 07/04/2017
The report presented by the "RAND corporation" to the US Senate Homeland Security Committee after the Paris attacks in 2015 stated, "Paradoxically, victories against DAECH in Syria and IRAQ could increase the terrorist threat elsewhere. The more desperate the situation becomes for DAECH, the more it will support terrorist operations abroad. Some foreign fighters will return home and seek revenge for their defeat. DAECH supporters will want to prove that the cause is not lost."
Brussels airport attack, March 22, 2016
Similarly, Max HILL, the British government-appointed counter-terrorism law expert in 2017 had told London's SUNDAY TELEGRAPH that : "The intensity and proliferation of planned attacks targeting innocent civilians indiscriminately, regardless of their racial background, in urban areas is a huge threat that none of us can ignore."
Figures of European jihadists who left to join DAESH in 2015
Indeed, we must take into account the number of foreign terrorists who have left to join DAESH in Syria and Iraq: the figures for December 2015 were estimated at 27,000 men and women against 12,000 in June 2014. Of this number, about 5,000 are European , including at least 1,700 French, 760 English, 470 Belgians and 760 Germans (2015 figure). These figures are based on all the data established by governments, international organizations and research institutes about jihadists.
According to SOUFRAN Group, between 20 and 30% of foreign jihadists return to their home countries, posing a huge challenge for security and intelligence agencies...
Suspect arrested in Strasbourg in France in 2014
These "RETURNS" to France automatically go through PRISON.
According to David THOMSON, reporter and author of the book "Les Revenants", the repentants are a very small minority. The vast majority remain radical and/or violent.
According to David THOMSON, reporter and author of the book "Les Revenants", the repentants are a very small minority. The vast majority remain radical and/or violent.
- FRENCH VERSION -
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It will be necessary to take into account also, the people suspected of preparing attacks in France and convicted and who will be released after their prison sentences. As explained by Olivier FALORNI, deputy of Charente Maritime, member of the parliamentary commission after the 2015 attacks, during an interview on France Info on 28/12/17, :
"There are 500 convicted terrorists, 1,200 inmates considered radicalized (...) You have to know that in the next two years, there will be 70 to 80 people convicted of terrorism in French prisons who will get out. So what do we do? ".
- FRENCH VERSION -
Investigators in the area of the Paris attack on 02/12/2023
The
attack that took place in Paris on 02 December 2023, leaving one person
dead and two injured, illustrates this concern. The attacker had been
arrested in 2016 for a planned attack in the La Défense district of
Paris and had been imprisoned for 4 years. He has been under judicial
supervision since his release in 2020, and under MICAS, a system
designed to prevent acts of terrorism.
FRENCH VERSION
>>> presenting the profile of the attacker <<< 
Illustration image Airport boarding area
We must also count on those who have not managed to leave, and who could take action by pledging allegiance to DAESH before committing an attack. Like this 34-year-old man, arrested in May 2017, next to a French air base and who was planning to commit an attack...
- FRENCH VERSION -
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In 2017, from January 1 to December 31, another 20 attempts were also foiled, according to Interior Minister Gerard Collomb, in early January 2018.
Indian soldier in front of the hotel "Taj Mahal" in Bombay where the terrorists had taken refuge in 2008
France thought, after the multiple terrorist attacks of Bombay in November 2008, to train soldiers to support this risk of attacks with radicalized terrorists.
Members of the Italian NOCS unit during the ATLAS 2017 exercise in Slovakia
Europe has also pooled the various special police intervention units of each country in a program that allows for the rapid mobilization of all these forces with the ATLAS program...
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Anti-terrorist simulation in Vienna on 11/04/18 with the Austrian Special Forces
Other countries also engage their military Special Forces as here in Vienna, Austria in 2018 with an anti-terrorism exercise.
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Joint Army - Police - Rescue response demonstration at BAYTEX 2018 in PENZING.
Others include the military directly in anti-terrorist operations like here in Germany:
- FRENCH VERSION -
BAYTEX 2018
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Attack in a Christmas market in Berlin, December 19, 2013
Also the terrorist risks affect all Europe as here during the attack on a Christmas market in Germany...
French Gendarme of a PSIG SABRE
Subsequently, France reorganized its intervention services after the November 13, 2015 attacks in Paris with this principle of rapid intervention
on the whole territory.
Here are the different French intervention services:
on the whole territory.
Here are the different French intervention services:
- RAID -
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- GIGN -
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- PSIG SABRE -
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- PSMP -
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FRANCE has signed partnership agreements with several social networks, as well as public and private actors to alert in real time on their network or billboards an alert message:
Members of the BFE+ during an exercise
Germany also has this type of rapid response units:
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German military, deminer and police officer during the GETEX from 07 to 09/03/2017
Similarly, the German military conducted joint exercises with the Police of several German Lander in March 2017 to secure the country in case of multiple attacks in Germany. A first in German history since World War II...
- during Attacks -
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Brussels - Late November 2015
The Belgian authorities have the possibility to deploy their army, like France and the United Kingdom, as at the end of 2015, in Brussels, where for more than 3 days, the city was totally blocked.
Brussels - End of November 2015
A total "Black Out" had been carried out in order to protect the population.
Patrol of Belgian military in the central station of Brussels
Since then, their presence is always visible in Belgian cities or during mobilization of staff following major risks and attacks. The operation "Vigilant Guardian" launched shortly after the January 2015 attacks in France is still active:
Members of the BBT of ANTWERP during an arrest
It also continues to thwart risks on its territory and has intervention units to neutralize threats:
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French military patrolling the Carrousel du Louvre in Paris
Similarly, more and more countries are mobilizing their armies in exercises or patrols on their own territory. This rise in force enters a strong security logic, with the French example:
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- FRENCH VERSION -
Melbourne bomb squad shortly after hostage situation claimed by DAESH, 06/06/2017
Australia is also targeted for attack risk. Between 2014 and 2016, Australian police forces foiled 12 attempted attacks on their territory, including a terrorist plot on Christmas Day 2016 in Melbourne and 61 people charged since the Alert level was raised in September 2014.
- FRENCH VERSION -
Risques d'attentats en Australie
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The city of Melbourne has moreover the same principle as the London police with the CIRT to be able to intervene quickly:
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The city of Melbourne has moreover the same principle as the London police with the CIRT to be able to intervene quickly:
- FRENCH VERSION -
Extraction of injured people during a simulated attack of the Zenith in Pau, March 08, 2017
The French, Belgian and British emergency services also reorganized themselves to follow the assault columns, to create an extraction corridor for victims injured by terrorists.
Arrest of the terrorist Salah ABDELSLAM on 18/03/2016 by the Belgian CGSU
On the attacks it is necessary to be aware of the terrorist attacks to come. The criminologist Alain BAUER explained in the French program "C'est dans l'air" on France 5 on June 05, 2017 that: « DAESH is the only terrorist organization in history that has managed to merge everything.
They do at the same time :
- extremely centralized extremely coordinated attacks that are the lions of the caliphate.
They do at the same time :
- extremely centralized extremely coordinated attacks that are the lions of the caliphate.
Soldiers of Operation SENTINELLE protecting the outskirts of a neighborhood during the arrest
of the terrorist Commando against the BATACLAN on 18/11/2015
of the terrorist Commando against the BATACLAN on 18/11/2015
- Subcontracting but directed by :
someone gives you instructions but doesn't do the job, they are the soldiers of the caliphate
someone gives you instructions but doesn't do the job, they are the soldiers of the caliphate
Law enforcement around the car that hit many pedestrians near the English Parliament in London, on 03/22/17
- And people they don't know, who simply spread through social networks or word of mouth, they are isolated operators compared to a lone wolf who has his own ideology as for example Hans BREIVIK in Denmark,
Car blocking the access to the attack against police officers on the Champs Elysees, 24/05/2017
They managed to make concentration of decentralization, deconcentration of the spread of ideas without taking care of anything, even discovering the attacks the next day, claiming them or not claiming them, claiming them wrongly or erroneously or not.
French Gendarmes securing the square of Notre Dame after an attempted assault of a man with a hammer on 3 policemen on 06/06/2017
They were successful in this operation. There is a part of copying which is a very known process in criminal matters since we have serial killers who copy each other."
They were successful in this operation. There is a part of copying which is a very known process in criminal matters since we have serial killers who copy each other."
The President of the French Republic, E.MACRON, during a visit to Mali
to the French military forces - 19/05/2017
to the French military forces - 19/05/2017
The French president has decided to create the National Counter-Terrorism Center (CNCT), a kind of task force, directly attached to the president of the French Republic, which is the center for coordinating intelligence and the action given in the face of terrorist risk on the territory.
Composed of more than thirty members of different intelligence services such as the DGSE (French Interior Security)and the DGSI (French Exterior Security), it will operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This center will be able to give orders to be put in place in less than half an hour to act immediately throughout France in the face of an imminent threat.
Composed of more than thirty members of different intelligence services such as the DGSE (French Interior Security)and the DGSI (French Exterior Security), it will operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This center will be able to give orders to be put in place in less than half an hour to act immediately throughout France in the face of an imminent threat.
French Military Patrol in "les Champs Elysées" in PARIS
This will complete the measures already in place such as VIGIPIRATE, SENTINELLE, and the State of Emergency:
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Investigations also continue, in collaboration between several countries, in anti-terrorist actions, as above, an operation in Wattignies, in July 2017, in northern France, in collaboration with Belgium.
Likewise, full-scale trainings are carried out in different European countries:
- FRENCH VERSION -
MUSSOLINI and HITLER
Yves Dénécé, director of the French Center for Intelligence Research (CF2R) explained in Yves CALVI's French program, "24 heures en question" on LCI on December 21, 2016 : « we knew the brown plague for 2 to 3 decades, from the end of the First World War to the end of the Second World War, this period of dominant ideas of extreme right-wing ideas was a real lever for the protesters, fascism and Nazism. »
« Then we had the red plague, 1917 to 1995, where communism in its most virulent totalitarian forms, the Kominterm with its relays everywhere, with the parties in Western countries, were the main danger. »
Flags of the terrorist group DAESH
« And now the green plague, the major Islamist risk. The first lasted 30 years, the second 70 years, I'm afraid the third will last longer. »
To conclude, democracies face several risks of attacks on their territory:
Suspect stopped in Strasbourg in France in 2014
Suspect stopped in Strasbourg in France in 2014
The first with their citizens who have been radicalized, left to fight alongside terrorist groups and return to their countries. These "REVENANTS" in France automatically go through the JAIL box.
According to David THOMSON, reporter and author of the book "Les Revenants", the repentants are in the minority. The vast majority remain radical and/or violent.
- FRENCH VERSION -
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Entrance to the BfV, the Office for the Protection of the Constitution, in Berlin
The second risk of attack is found with people infiltrated among the military, police or intelligence services as for example this man, an employee of the German domestic intelligence, the BfV (Bundesamt für Verfassungsscchutz), who was arrested at the end of 2016, suspected of wanting to commit an attack against the headquarters of the intelligence services. His job was to monitor the German Islamist scene, about 9,200 individuals considered as radicalized.
- FRENCH VERSION -
Crest of the Franco-German Brigade based in ILLKIRCH in Alsace.
The third finally is an internal risk of radicalized individuals of extreme right or claiming to be patriotic, like this German military arrested on April 26, 2017. This young lieutenant of German origin of the Franco-German Brigade stationed in France, had managed to register as a Syrian refugee to benefit from German social services. Subsequently, 2 other persons including a German soldier were also arrested in connection with this lieutenant. The investigation showed that these 3 individuals, apparently all linked to the German extreme right, were preparing for attacks on German politicians who, according to them, were the sign of the failure of the immigration policy...
- FRENCH VERSION -
or as in France, in 2018, with the arrest of four people suspected of an attempted knife attack against the President of the French Republic, during a commemoration of November 11, and in 2017, with the arrest of a dozen individuals close to ultra right-wing groupings on 17/10/2017, following an investigation into planned attacks against French politicians, Muslim places of worship and threats on migrants.
- FRENCH VERSION -
or in the UK, in June 2017 of a man who drove into a crowd of Muslim worshippers leaving a mosque to run them over causing 1 death.
- FRENCH VERSION -
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Helicopter intervention by French Special Forces during the attack on the French Embassy in Ouagadougou on 02/03/18
We can also note the external attacks as on March 02, 2018 in Burkina Faso, against the French Embassy and the Burkinabe Army Headquarters in Ouagadougou causing about thirty deaths and dozens of injuries.
Men of the RAID intervened to arrest 2 suspects in Marseille, on 18/04/2017
- FRENCH VERSION -
the "Kamikaze Riders".
We can also note the external attacks as on March 02, 2018 in Burkina Faso, against the French Embassy and the Burkinabe Army Headquarters in Ouagadougou causing about thirty deaths and dozens of injuries.
The fourth domestic risk is about "people convicted of attempted attacks". Indeed, it will be necessary to take into account these people suspected of preparing attacks in France, who have been convicted and who will be released after their prison sentences. As explained by Olivier FALORNI, deputy of Charente Maritime, member of the parliamentary commission after the 2015 attacks, during an interview on France Info on 28/12/17, :
"There are 500 convicted terrorists, 1,200 inmates considered radicalized (...) You have to know that in the next two years, there will be 70 to 80 people convicted of terrorism in French prisons who will get out. So what do we do? ".
"There are 500 convicted terrorists, 1,200 inmates considered radicalized (...) You have to know that in the next two years, there will be 70 to 80 people convicted of terrorism in French prisons who will get out. So what do we do? ".
- FRENCH VERSION -
Illustration image Airport boarding area
The fifth is that of those who have not managed to leave, and who could take action by pledging allegiance to DAESH before committing an attack. Like this 34-year-old man, arrested in May 2017, next to a French air base and who was planning to commit an attack...
The fifth is that of those who have not managed to leave, and who could take action by pledging allegiance to DAESH before committing an attack. Like this 34-year-old man, arrested in May 2017, next to a French air base and who was planning to commit an attack...
- FRENCH VERSION -
Article on the radicalized ex-soldier arrested in Evreux
who was planning to carry out an act in France
>>> en cliquant ici <<<
who was planning to carry out an act in France
>>> en cliquant ici <<<
Anti-terrorist operation in Wattignies in northern France in collaboration with Belgium, 05/07/2017
The sixth risk is external: the terrorist attack prepared in another country. The intelligence services communicate with each other and allow arrests to prevent them. We can remember the Franco-Belgian operation that led to the arrest of a 42-year-old man, suspected of having links with a group of Belgian bikers linked to the jihadist movement: the "Kamikaze Riders".
- FRENCH VERSION -
Logo of the DGSE, the French foreign intelligence services
The intelligence services of Western countries will have to be, therefore, even more vigilant in the analysis of the risks of attacks on their territory.
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